嘶嘶声和呼吸急促:你的类风湿性关节炎是原因吗?
When discussing ofthe symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis,我们经常谈论疼痛、僵硬、肿胀,and disability. We don't often talk about vocal quality or ability to breathe freely, butRA can affect the larynx and small joints of the head and neck, including temporomandibular joint (TMJ), the cricoarytenoid joint (CAJ), and the cricothyroid joint (CTJ)。
根据期刊的新文献综述自身免疫疾病,RA的喉部症状的患病率在过去几十年里上升。由于提高意识和更好的临床诊断,这一显着增加的至少一部分可能导致。
喉症状参与RA
RA造成的喉部症状包括:
Odynophagia (painful swallowing)
异物轰动
吞咽困难(吞咽困难)
Sore throat, lump sensation in the throat
Change in voice quality (e.g. hoarseness, breathiness, vocal fatigue)
参考Otalgia(耳痛)
呼吸系统症状(例如,呼吸急促,运动耐受性降低,脱近,呼吸困难,呼吸窘迫)。
在极少数情况下,RA患者也可能存在哮喘症状。患者也可能是无症状的。
Dysphonia, or change in voice quality, may be the most noticeable symptom caused by changes in the larynx caused by RA. The change in voice quality may vary from mild roughness to complete aphonia (inability to produce a sound).
基于GRBAS规模 - 其中G代表分级,用于粗糙度的R,用于呼吸性,a用于哮喘,用于应变的S - 35%的RA患者的患者有2和3级。
在77例RA患者的研究中平均疾病持续时间为9.4岁,最常见的投诉在47%的51%,嘶嘶声中的47%的衰退,29%的病例中的语音弱点。
In acute phases, patients may complain of burning, foreign body sensation in the throat, and difficulty in swallowing.
在慢性案件中,CricoaryTenoid接头(CAJ)可以成为固定的,并且出现的气道症状可能需要紧急气管切开术。
当炎症适中并且只有一个喉头(CAJ或CTJ)时,患者可能会遇到最小的气道症状,偶尔或轻度持续的呼吸道不适,呼吸急促和运动耐受性降低。
If both vocal cords are immobile, patients may experience breathiness, vocal fatigue, inability to sustain or produce sound. If the vocal cords are fixed in the midline, the arthritis may endanger the patient with dyspnea (difficulty swallowing) and choking.
在Layrnx中诊断RA NODULE
用内窥镜进行检查以查看喉部,可能会露出炎症,粘膜水肿,充血(充血),肌炎,损伤的流动性或固定的声带,外延,风湿性结节或竹节节点。然而,在疾病的早期阶段,喉部检查可能是正常的。
Inflammatory masses or rheumatoid nodules in the larynx and pharynx are similar to rheumatoid nodules that can develop elsewhere in the body. The nodules can be submucosal and/or subcutaneous masses.
结节的诊断可以通过切除病变或通过进行细针抽吸来完成。
Bamboo nodes are cystic yellowish deposits which are arranged transversally in the vocal folds. These lesions are seen more often in patients with active disease and in females with history of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).
肌电缩影(EMG)是一种有用的测试,以区分CAJ固定和继发于复发性喉神经损伤的瘫痪。
高分辨率CT(计算机断层扫描)扫描可以在早期阶段检测CAJ关节炎。扫描可能揭示CAJ突出,增加关节密度,关节空间,触角和声带增厚。
在喉部治疗RA
Medical treatment for laryngeal manifestation of RA includes use of类固醇或非甾体抗炎药(NSAIDS)避免形成结节或纤维化。
Steroids may be given systemically or locally injected into the joint. Bamboo nodes may be removed surgically.
保守治疗可以从语音疗法开始。如果言语治疗患者仍然遇到声乐质量的变化,可能会建议类固醇注射和外科手术。当两个声带都在中线固定时,可能需要气管切开术(临时或永久)来缓解阻塞的气道。
作为RA can affect many areas of the body(包括喉部的生物力学),对于RA患者和医生来说意识到微妙的气道症状和/或语音质量变化的重要性是重要的。
如果你的声音变得嘶哑,你觉得你喉咙里有一些东西,或者你的呼吸压力,告诉你的医生。早期诊断,适当的治疗和喉部表现的康复可以缓解RA患者的痛苦和增加安全性。
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