更年期如何照顾视力

通过马莱卡山 健康作家

It is notuncommon for women to experience changes in their eye health and vision at a time when hormone levels are fluctuating, such as during menopause. Menopause affects all of the systems of the body, and the eyes are no exception. Studies have shown that this effect is caused by a decrease in sex hormones, mainly estrogen and androgen levels. If you are a woman of menopausal age, taking a proactive approach to your eye health is key to recognizing these common conditions early.

woman getting eye exam
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Impaired Vision and Menopause

激素波动会影响你的眼睛如何运作。事实上,视力甚至眼睛形状都会发生变化,这会导致隐形眼镜变得不舒服。如果你的视力出现异常或突然变化,请看眼科医生进行检查。

成熟的女人,眼睛干燥,揉眼
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Dry Eye and Menopause: Part 1

干眼症is one of the most common symptoms of menopause, and women over the age of 50 have been shown to be at high risk of developing dry eye. When estrogen and androgen levels decrease, so does the salty solution of your inner tear film and the oily layer of your outer tear film. As a result, the eyes dry out and become red, swollen, and irritated.

女人在用眼药水。
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Dry Eye and Menopause: Part 2

There are many dry eye治疗options帮助缓解你的症状。最关注increasing or conserving tears and treating inflammation. A more common treatment is artificial tears in the form of eye drops that supplement the loss of natural tears. Taking nutritional supplements, such as omega-3 fatty acids, or using an eye drop that increases tear production can also help. Other approaches that your doctor may recommend include massaging your eye lids or applying warm compresses.

Blurred vision at night.
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Cataracts and Menopause: Part 1

Along with hot flashes,night sweats, and loss of libido,白内障是由雌激素水平降低引起的绝经后症状。白内障症状它们无痛且发育缓慢,因此更难被发现。常见的症状和体征包括视力模糊、夜间视力困难、对光线敏感、看到光线周围的光晕、双眼视觉以及看到褪色的颜色。

Surgeons working in operating room
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Cataracts and Menopause: Part 2

虽然通过手术摘除白内障是唯一正确的方法治疗,早期症状可以通过新的眼镜处方或在更明亮的光线下阅读来改善。如果这些措施无济于事,视力下降开始影响你的日常活动,外科医生可以移除混浊的晶状体,用透明的人工晶状体代替。事实上,许多人在白内障手术后可以获得比之前更好的视力。

视网膜特写
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Glaucoma and Menopause: Part 1

更年期妇女眼压升高,这是一个原因青光眼.高眼压可导致视神经损伤,导致视力丧失,最终失明。通过早期检测和治疗干预,你可以保护你的眼睛免受青光眼的视力损失。在早期阶段,青光眼没有症状,也不会引起疼痛或不适,但青光眼会慢慢导致侧视力丧失,随着时间的推移,中心视力会下降,直到消失。

无法辨认的老年人服用避孕药的特写镜头
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Glaucoma and Menopause: Part 2

虽然有无法治愈对于青光眼,某些药物或手术可以减缓疾病的进展。处方眼药水或药丸可以降低眼压。激光手术可以排出眼部液体,但可能只产生暂时的效果。一个更传统的手术可以创造一个新的开口,让液体自行从眼睛排出。你的眼科医生可以帮你决定哪个选项最适合你。

Closeup of a middle age woman's eyes.
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年龄相关性黄斑变性与绝经

虽然导致年龄相关性黄斑变性(AMD)目前尚不清楚,它是55岁以上女性视力下降的主要原因。AMD发生时,视网膜的中心,一个脆弱的层在眼睛后面,开始恶化。当这一层,也被称为黄斑,恶化时,你会出现视力模糊,并失去直视前方的能力。不幸的是,目前还没有治疗AMD的方法,但采取健康的生活方式是一种预防措施。

mature woman talking to doctor
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更年期保护眼睛健康的激素疗法

Because changes to vision and eye disease during menopause are caused by changes in hormones, hormone therapy that replenishes estrogen levels may reduce the risk of eye disease. However, there is some controversy surrounding激素疗法用于干眼症,因为它已在some studiesthat HRT is capable of significantly improving tear production as indicated by the increased reflex tearing.

close up of eye during exam
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A Proactive Approach to Eye Health at Menopause

达到更年期年龄会增加视力障碍和眼部疾病的风险。采取积极主动的方法是保持愿景的最佳途径。每年去看眼科医生对早期诊断任何眼部疾病都是必要的,这意味着这些疾病可以很容易地得到治疗,你的视力也得到了保护。

见见我们的作家
马莱卡山

Malaika Hill是一名自由职业健康作家,专攻眼科和人口健康。在过去十年中,她一直致力于帮助眼科护理专业人士向同行和患者传达眼科研究的进展,以提供最高质量的眼科护理。她是人口健康科学跨学科协会的编辑委员会成员,致力于探索和交流短期和长期战略,以优先考虑世界各地的眼睛和视力健康差异。Malaika可以在她的网站mdwesolutions上找到。com、LinkedIn@malaikadavid或Twitter@malaika_hill。